• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Hollow objects 14 can be formed by extruding a web 1 of thermoplastic material directly into a set of temperature controlled tempering rolls 2, 3 and 6, cooling upper and lower surface layers of the web by passage through the tempering rolls while maintaining the interior of the web in molten condition between said surface layers, feeding the partially cooled web 7 past a turning roll 8 onto a conveyor 10, and conveying the web to the entry of a thermoformer 15, the web 7 being allowed to remain on the conveyor 10 until the surface layer of the web which is in contact with the conveyor has been reheated by the molten interior of the web to a thermoformable temperature below that at which the web 7 will stick to the conveyor 10, the travel of the web 1 through the tempering rolls being controllable by adjusting the position of the tempering roll 6 to for example 6', and the travel of the web 7 on the conveyor being controllable by adjusting the position of the turning roll 8 to for example 8'.
    公开号:SU1655297A3
    申请号:SU4613047
    申请日:1988-11-16
    公开日:1991-06-07
    发明作者:Эрл Флекное-Браун Энтони
    申请人:Хайтек Лимитед (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the processing of thermoplastic polymeric materials, namely to a method and device for feeding an extrudable thermoplastic material in the form of a ligt from an extruder to a device for forming this hot thermoplastic sheet material to obtain hollow articles, for example, food containers.
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the process and reduce energy costs.
    FIG. 1 shows a device for feeding a thermoplastic sheet from an extruder to a device for forming sheet thermoplastics of continuous action, a general view; in fig. 2. is an example of a device in which a conveyor for supporting an extruded sheet is mounted to rotate around a movable point of rotation located in the plane of the sheet web; in fig. 3 - a variant of the position of the rolls; in fig. 4 - / - different positions of the device at times when the continuously supplied liquid molten sheet from the extruder is subjected to temperature conditioning, maintained and transported to a batch molding device; in fig. 8 is a diagram of temperature distribution inside the sheet melt as it passes through various stages of the conditioning process and supply; in fig. 9 - 11 - examples of the device with a conveyor designed for. a molding machine equipped with a horizontally driven molding tool; in fig. 12 shows an embodiment of a device with a conveyor intended to accumulate material on a belt until the molding tool is open and ready for the next load; in fig. 13 shows an embodiment of a device with material accumulation in a sagging loop of a conveyor belt, which is formed as a result of stopping the drive roller and allowing the movable tension (accumulative) roller to transfer the excess length of the conveyor belt to the top
    conveyor through drive drum.
    A device for feeding a thermoplastic sheet from an extruder comprises driven cooling rolls 1 - 3 arranged relative to each other to form a gap a for passing a thermoplastic sheet mounted rotatably and moving a cooling tension
    Q P 5 5,
    0
    50
    Pok 4, a belt conveyor comprising an endless penta 5, enveloping the drums 6 and / and the drum 6 located in the initial part of the conveyor is capable of controlling its temperature, while the conveyor is installed with the possibility of rotation around point 8 located in the sheet being extruded when in contact with the conveyor surface. The chill roller 3 is mounted so as to adjust its position relative to the conveyor.
    In addition, the conveyor can be equipped with additional movable tension (accumulative) rollers 9 and 10 and a driving tension roller 11. The device is also provided with rotatable rollers 12 for supporting the cooled sheet of thermoplastic material, and rollers 12 can be made driven.
    Devices for forming sheet thermoplastics may also include forming tooling 13 and 14, mold halves 15 and 16, as well as die 1 / and punches 18.
    The sheet 19 or liquid melt web is continuously extruded from the die (Fig. 1) directly into the gap and between the constantly rotating cooling rolls 1 and 2. The thickness of the liquid melt mainly depends on the gap established between the edges of the exit slot of the extruder head, but also depends on the speed of rotation of the rolls 1 and 2 with respect to the linear speed at which the melt is extruded, and on the gap a between them. It is usually preferable to set the rotational speed of the rolls 1 and 2 such that the gap a is slightly overflowed with the melt. In this way, the exit from the gap a between the rollers of a sheet of constant thickness is ensured regardless of small variations in the feed rate of the material from the extruder.
    For a given sheet thickness and extrusion rate, there is thus one optimal speed at which rolls 1 and 2 should rotate. It is necessary to adjust the temperature of the sheet, therefore, either by changing the roll temperature or by changing
    extent of contact of the sheet with rollers. It was found that a single change in the temperature of the roll could not provide a sufficient degree of control over the temperature of the sheet, especially for thinner sheets. The control requirements for the sheet, which must be supplied at a certain temperature for its subsequent formation, are more important than the requirements that are usually taken into account when extruding the melt using a set of cooling rolls to produce the sheet. a cooling roll 3, which can be raised or rotated relative to the roll 2, thereby adjusting the angle of coverage around both cooling rolls 2 and 3.
    The main purpose of the chill roller 2 is to help reduce the average temperature of the sheet until it reaches the temperature required to form the sheet thermoplastic. The contact of the sheet with the roller 2 must first ensure sufficient time to allow the residual heat inside the sheet to heat the upper surface again and soften any material that may solidify as it passes through the rolls.
    Crystalline polymers like polypropylene do not form a crystalline solid directly upon cooling, and they do not immediately lose their entire crystalline structure when heated above their melting point of the crystals, i.e. The proposed method provides cooling of the bottom layer of the sheet to a temperature at which the sheet is too hard or viscous to wet the material of the belt 5 of the belt conveyor and thus adhere to it.
    Regulation of the angle of coverage, together with the temperature of the rolls 2 and 3, also provides the ability to control the temperature profile over the thickness of the sheet of plastic material. Plastic materials have a thermal conductivity of approximately 800 times less than the thermal conductivity of metals. The temperature of the inner part of the core of the plastic sheet in contact with the roller, therefore

    50
    0 5

    five
    significantly higher than the temperature of the surface layer, therefore, in the case of sheet thicknesses exceeding 3 mm, it takes considerable time to equalize the temperature difference across the thickness of the sheet when it stops contacting the roller to remove heat from the inside of the sheet to its outer surface.
    Thus, roller 3 is used to cool and solidify the bottom surface of the sheet by substantially reducing the surface temperature while simultaneously reducing the average temperature inside the sheet to a much lesser extent. The sheet 19 as a whole remains in a state that allows molding.
    The sheet 19 passes from the roller 3 through a drive, guiding or rotating the roll 4 to the drive belt 5 of the belt conveyor. The rotational speed of the roll 4 is usually synchronized with; roller 3 and it must correspond to the speed of movement of the conveyor belt 5. Sheet 19 can be given some stretching due to the successive faster rotation of rolls 3 and 4 as compared with roll 2.
    It is possible to prevent hot sheet from sticking to the sheet if the length of contact between the sheet and the tape is limited to less than the time that is considered sufficient to heat the sheet so that the heat from the hot melted inside of the sheet passes to the cooler, more solid bottom surface of the sheet. preheating this bottom surface in sufficient degree to moisten the tape material and stick to it, i.e. the sheet must remain on the conveyor until the surface layer of the extruded sheet that is in contact with the surface of the conveyor is reheated by the molten core (core) to the temperature required to form the sheet thermoplastics but below the temperature at which the sheet to be extruded will stick to the conveyor belt.
    In addition, the reheating of the surface layer of the sheet 19 can be controlled by adjusting the surface temperature of the conveyor belt 5. The average temperature of the material of the conveyor belt 5 can be controlled by the drum 6, which is made with adjustable temperature in order to further slow down or speed up the heating rate of the lower surface layer of the sheet 19.
    Reheating of the colder lower surface layer must occur before the material enters the forming device in order to achieve uniform stress-free molding.
    The material of the conveyor belt can be any, such as fiberglass, covered with polytetrafluoroethylene, and the fabric covered with polyurethane elastomer. The elastic conveyor belt should be made of a relatively thin material, preferably less than 0.5 mm thick, so that the thermal capacity of the belt is low. The tape material may be in the form of a continuous sheet, a series of tapes, an open woven sheet or a perforated sheet. The tape should contact the hot sheet evenly in order to maintain a uniform temperature in the sheet.
    A device for continuously forming a sheet thermoplastic contains opposite sets of dies 17 and punches 18 moving on endless conveyors, which together press against a hot sheet 19 at some distance from the place where the sheet descends from the exit part of the conveyor at drum 7.
    The die 17 is placed on the upper conveyor of the forming device, so that any mark on the sheet against contact with the conveyor belt, which is preserved after the molding operation, will be turned inside the product - the container 20, which is usually filled with contents.
    The linear speed of the opposite sets of forms is established synchronously with respect to the speed of movement of the conveyor belt, and it, as a rule, slightly exceeds the speed of the conveyor belt.
    The mass of finished containers 20 obtained in the form can be adjusted by making small adjustments to the speed of the form relative to the rest of the device.
    The proposed method can be used for a wide variety of different types and thicknesses of thermoplastic sheets (Fig. 8). FIG. FOR shows the temperature distribution over the thickness of the sheet from the upper surface to the lower immediately after it leaves the extrusion head (Fig. 1, point 21). As can be seen from FIG. 8A, the temperature is represented by the same cross section of the sheet at a value of 230 ° C, which then corresponds to the extrusion temperature. The sheet condition of FIG. 8B corresponds to point 22 in FIG. 1. Here it can be seen that the upper surface of the sheet was cooled to the surface temperature of the roll 2 of 90 ° C, although the lower surface of the sheet is cooled to 220 ° C. FIG. 8C illustrates the state of the sheet at point 23 (Fig. 1). Here, the upper surface of the sheet is heated by heat flow from the inner part of the core of the sheet, which is now at a lower temperature (200 ° C), compared to the extrusion temperature (230 ° C). In this case, the temperature of the bottom surface of the sheet corresponds to the surface temperature of the roll 3 of 90 ° C. FIG. Figure 8D illustrates the approximate state of the sheet at point 24 (Fig. 1). Here, the upper surface temperature is maintained at a level corresponding to the melting point of the crystals — approximately 155 ° C due to the cooling effect of the roll 4. The bottom surface temperature is also increased to approximately 140 ° C due to heat flow from the inside of the sheet.
    By providing the sheet material itself to be preheated while it rests on the conveyor belt 5, the sheet material again assumes the exact average molding temperature, but the sheet is still molded with a temperature profile similar to that shown in FIG. 8E. At approximately these temperatures, the surface of the sheet material is again sufficiently fluid to wet the tape and adhere to it, so it is important to control the distance (and therefore the time at a constant tape speed) at which the tape touches the sheet. In this case, the rotary roller 4 occupies the position depicted by the dotted line in FIG. 1. If the rotating roller is not used, then it is necessary to adjust the position of the roll 3 relative to the conveyor drum 6 so that the sheet hangs from the roll 3 and comes in contact with the conveyor belt 5 at a distance from the drum from the output side of the conveyor, which ensures its heating below temperature sticking, but up to the molding temperature.
    The diameters of the rollers 1 to 4 used can be widely varied, but they should depend on the linear speed of the sheets being processed. It, in turn, depends on the width and thickness of the extruded sheet being processed, as well as on the performance of the extruder, its dimensions and the cooling capacity of the forming device.
    With the proposed method, the regulation of the process can be carried out under conditions of a wide range of sheet thickness at a given processing speed (1-8 mm).
    Roll 3, shown in the position intended for an extruded sheet thickness of 19.5 mm, can be moved to position 3 for a sheet 2.5 mm thick. Sheet contact with rollers 2 and 3 is now somewhat less than double. In addition, a 2.5 mm thick sheet is mainly extruded at a linear speed twice as high as a 5 mm thick sheet because the extrusion process provides material approximately constant mass flow. Consequently, the increased rate at which the melt leaves the extruder head, in combination with its reduced contact with the roller, causes the duration of contact with the roller 2 of a sheet 2.5 mm thick to be about 4 times shorter than the life of the melt. contact with the roll sheet 5 mm thick. This reduction in the contact time with the roller results in a similar temperature profile over the air.
    ,, n
    sheet in position 22 (AIG.1
    and 8B) and at position 23 (FIGS. 1 and 8C). After this, it is important to reduce the length of contact between the sheet with a thickness of 2.5 mm and the conveyor in order to achieve an analogous proportional reduction in the contact time with the conveyor belt 5, as was done with the contact time with roller 2. Roller 4 front
    They are moved to position 4. For a material thinner than 2.5 mm, the adjustable roller 3 is moved further away. Down around the roller 2 towards the roller 1. In this case, the conveyor drum 6 should also be lowered in accordance with the lower position of the roller 3. With these Means and such adjustments can be cooled and operated with a wide range of materials and thicknesses.
    The thermal conductivity for an unstable state for a semi-infinite solid mats (i.e., neglecting heat losses to the atmosphere) is determined from the equation
    i-ii + T,
    20
    ke sheet at time t, C;
    T - extruded temperature
    Leaf, C;
    T „- the set temperature of the rolls,
    ° gb
    0
    five
    0
    five
    0
    five
    g - sheet thickness, m; 0 к / Л с - heat capacity
    (k thermal conductivity, W / m - ° C; O is the density, kg / m3; s is the specific heat capacity, kJ / kg. ° C, is equal to 1x10 m2. for polypropylene, but depends on temperature);
    erf is the error function. From this equation, it is possible to determine the approximate lengths of contact with the roller 3 and the length of the conveyor needed for the manufacture of sheets of various materials. Properties such as density, thermal conductivity and specific heat for most plastics vary with temperature.
    Example 1. For a sheet of 5 mm thick cotton around a roll with a diameter of 500 mm with an angle of coverage of 1803 at a sheet speed of 5 m / min, the expected temperature of the middle point of the extruded sheet X.Ј. after contact with roller 3 is approximately 20 ° C, extruded sheet temperature Tg 230 ° C, roller surface temperature T (90 ° C and equal to the surface temperature of the sheet material at the point of contact with this roller, wave (other sheet,.) m. CmMxU 7, time of contact with in lk, 5 s.
    Roll with a diameter of 500 mm, roll speed of 5 m / min, the angle of coverage over
    180 "with SET .L: 28
    1 ° and 4, (-, | A D71
    Mees l | , 5хКГ7 14 0.93, T (i) (230-90) - О, 93 + 90 220, 2 ° С.
    Example2. For a sheet with a thickness of 2.5 mm, around a roll with a diameter of 500 mm, the coverage angle of the SOG at a sheet speed of 10 m / min, the temperature T of the midpoint of the extruded sheet (the expected value after contact with roller 3) is approximately 220 ° C; temperature of extruded sheet C; surface temperature of the roll T.Ј90 ° C; thickness of sheet St 2,5, 0025 m; (time
    t 2 xfx60
    t 10x3.6 С
    025 erff
    G f, 6 & d-7 №
    contact with roller ST 0,0025
    0.916, T, (230-90) 0.916 + 90 218.2 °
    Thus, for half the sheet thickness, the contact time with the roll was reduced by approximately 3-4 times in order to achieve the internal temperature profile of the sheet close to that shown in FIG. 8B.
    The device of FIG. 2 works as follows.
    The sheet 19 continuously leaves the conveyor and enters in a vertical position between the set of fixed opposite half-molds 15 and 16, which do not move in the direction of sheet feeding. The nuform 15 is shown open with the molded article 20 in a partially extracted position. The sheet portion 25 is a sheet that has cured after prior contact with the molds. After a short period of time, the mold 15 moves to the fully open position 15, and the edge of the conveyor belt with the drum 7 moves to the lower position 71. The point 26 on the sheet now moves to position 26, the mold halves 15 and 16 move towards and, closing, make out from extruded sheet following products.
    The impact of controlled cooling of the rolls 1-4 and the supporting role of the conveyor belt 5 did not change as compared with FIG. 1, but the conveyor is pivotably mounted with respect to the rotational point 8,
    five
    0
    five
    0
    .
    5 30
    ,, 40 d5 sp
    which is located in the plane of the sheet 19 approximately where it initially comes into contact with the surface of the belt 5 after it leaves the rotating roller 4. In this way, the pivotal action of the conveyor does not disturb the largely extruded sheet, except for bending it at the same angle which turns the conveyor.
    With continuous movement of the tape 5 together with the sheet that is supported by it, this bending effect essentially does not occur in one localized sheet layer, and as it was discovered, does not significantly change the length of the sheet path or in any way deforms the sheet and therefore does not its thickness changes the temperature profile, feed rate or molding properties.
    The movement of the conveyor can be synchronized with the loading of new material between the periodically acting half-molds 15 and 16 to form a sheet thermoplastic, which in this embodiment does not move in the direction of movement of the sheet.
    The continuous feed of the sheet to be extruded is thus accumulated between the cycles of the forming tool by lifting the end of the conveyor 7 to position 7 at the same rate as the sheet to be extruded onto the conveyor belt.
    The proposed method can be simply adapted to use extruded sheets. To do this, they distinguish temperatures from different materials, different thicknesses and speeds of the extruded sheet being fed into the device for forming batch thermoplastic. FIG. 3 shows a device similar to that of FIG. 2, but it illustrates an alternative position of the rolls Z1 and 4, which are arranged so as to provide a shorter contact time and, consequently, a shorter cooling time for the hot sheet. The turning point 8 is also displaced further along the conveyor, remaining at the same time in the plane of the sheet. Thus, the length of the contact between the extruded sheet and the moving conveyor is reduced, but the pivoting action of the conveyor necessary for
    sheet feed from position 26 to position 26, saved.
    This arrangement is typically used to process an extruded polypropylene sheet with a thickness of 2-3 mm, while the position of the roll 3 shown in FIG. 2, is used for a thicker extruded polypropylene sheet 4-5 mm thick.
    It is necessary to ensure that the angular position of the roll 3 can be adjusted to any position from the vertical alignment with the roll 2, in its highest position to 135 down in the position in which the surface of the roll 3 is close to the contact with the surface of the roll 1.
    Similarly, the point at which the sheet leaves the roll 3 and enters the conveyor belt 5, which also locates the turning point 8, must be adjustable at a distance corresponding to approximately 2/3 of the conveyor length, which is determined as the distance between the axles of the drums 6 and 7 of the conveyor. The rolls 3 and 4 at all adjustable positions and the turning points of the conveyor 8 can be connected using a known mechanism that preserves the geometric relationship between them.
    From FIG. 3 it is clear that it is possible to adjust the position of the turning point 8 without limiting the angular rotation of the conveyor to the extent that the vertical distance to which the output side of the conveyor is moved decreases in inverse proportion.
    Reducing the distance of contact of the sheet 1 9 with the surface of the conveyor while feeding a thinner extruded sheet is also possible by moving the drum 7 closer to the drum 6 while maintaining the same distance between the roller 4f and the drum 6 of the conveyor, i.e. by reducing the length of the conveyor.
    In more detail, the use of the proposed method in the periodic process of forming a sheet thermoplastic is explained in the operation of the device shown in FIG. 4-7.
    The sheet 19 is fed by a device for feeding a thermoplastic sheet from a conveyor to a device for periodic molding, with the floor

    0 5 0
    d
    5 Q
    five
    Form 15 is at the extreme position (Fig. 4).
    The sheet 19, which is in the solid state, is located opposite the molding cavity of the mold 15. The cold sheet fed from the previous molding cycle, which juts out below the mold 15, is passed between two sets of opposing pairs of drive pressure rollers 2 or other traction means located so as to capture the outer edges of the sheet, but at the same time to ensure any free direction for further movement of the product 20.
    The rollers 12 are at this moment. in a stationary state (Fig. 4), and therefore they hold the total weight of the frozen sheet supplied to the upper part of the mold 15. At the same time, the conveyor is rotated around the turning point 8, so that the conveyor drum 7 moves vertically upwards with the same speed from which the extrudable sheet 19 is fed from the end of the conveyor. Therefore, this part of the hot forming sheet, hanging vertically between the solidified part of the sheet and the conveyor drum 1, is not stretched or compressed.
    In addition, the arrangement of the cooling rolls and the conveyor is made so that, on a sheet coming out of the conveyor, the cooler, relatively stiffer lower layer thereof on the conveyor cannot heat up again to the same extent as it was heated on the conveyor of the device shown in FIG. . 1. Therefore, this harder layer is still reheated on a vertically suspended portion of the hot sheet, located between the conveyor drum 7 and the solid portion of the sheet, which begins at the point of horizontal alignment with the upper half of the mold 15.
    Indeed, this harder layer is reheated proportionately more after it leaves the gathering place of the conveyor until it reaches the conjugation point with the cold part of the sheet. Due to this more rigid layer, the natural tendency of the hanging part of the sheet is reduced to sag vertically to a greater extent in the area of the sheet being extruded that is located closest to i
    to the vanishing point of the sheet from the conveyor. This tendency, which is due to the weight of the part of the sheet hanging below this zone, is now practically balanced, and therefore the hanging sheet remains relatively uniform thickness. Any accumulated total sagging can be eliminated due to a slight increase in the vertical lifting speed of the conveyor drum 7 compared to the speed from which the extrudable sheet comes off the end of the conveyor.
    Then, the conveyor (FIG. 5) is turned down around the turning point 8 at a relatively high speed compared to the sheet feed rate. The speed at which the conveyor drum 7 descends during this rotational action coincides with the speed of the now rotating pressure rollers 12, so that the sheet section, now lowered between the half-molds 15 and 16, is not pulled out or compressed. The pair of press rolls 12 can also be shifted away from the conveyor, as shown in FIG. 5 so as to compensate for any side component of the movement of the conveyor drum 7 when the conveyor is rotated.
    The finished product 20 is thus also omitted, since it is surrounded, but not necessarily connected to it, by a solid portion of the sheet.
    It should also be noted that the angular velocity of the conveyor drum 7 is kept constant during this and subsequent operations.
    FIG. 6, the conveyor is shown again turning from top to bottom at a speed similar to the speed at which the sheet to be extruded leaves the conveyor drum 7. The half-molds 15 and 16 are in a closed state and the molding of the product 20 takes place.
    In conventional molding, the sheet thermoplastic half-molds are in a closed state for most of the total cycle time, typically more than 70% of the cycle time.
    FIG. 7, the conveyor is shown still turning upwards to its highest position, and the forms are almost open. After the forms are opened, the cycle will be completed. The cycle will then repeat, starting again, as shown in FIG. BUT.
    Another modification of the device for carrying out the method is shown in FIG. 9, where the length of the conveyor can be increased in order to support the extruded sheet between the two movable opposite pairs of half-molds 15 and 16.
    FIG. 9, the sheet to be extruded is cooled using adjustable rolls (not shown) using the same method as illustrated in FIG. 1-4, and guide it to the moving belt 5 of the conveyor via an optionally rotating roll 4. An extruded sheet 1.5 mm thick is fed to the conveyor at a constant speed of 6 m / min. The belt conveyor includes a drive drum 6, rotating at a constant speed, temperature-controlled, a drum 7 moving in a horizontal direction, and a tension roller 9 moving in a vertical direction. FIG. 9, the lower tooling 14 is shown in its fully open, lowest position, while the upper tooling 13 is lowered onto the hot extrudable sheet until it touches it. In this case, it is intended to hold the sheet on the surface of the upper tooling 13 by applying a vacuum. In the process of lowering the upper rigging on the sheet being extruded and applying the vacuum, the upper rigging and the conveyor drum 7 must move in the direction of movement of the material at a speed of 6 m / min and must be coaxial with each other.
    FIG. 10, top 13 and bottom 14 of the tooling are shown pressed against one another, moving in one direction at a speed of 6 m / min and in the direction of movement of the material. The conveyor drum 7 is removed from the gap between the molds before the snap-in closure, and a portion of the sheet to be extruded is pressed at the back and connected to the upper mold. In order to remove the conveyor belt without damaging the extruded sheet by conditioning the extruded sheet, the adhesion between the conveyor belt 5 and the sheet is eliminated.
    In order to maintain the tension of the conveyor belt 5 at a reduced distance between the reels 6 and 7, the movable roller 9 is lowered simultaneously with the movement of the drum 7 in the direction of the drum 6. After a relatively quick movement in this direction, the drum / then begins its movement forward at a speed of 6 m / min in order to maintain the relative speed of the tape approximately equal to zero directly above J. The drum 7 then moves forward immediately before the pressed molds of the tooling, maintaining the entire hot extrudable sheet except for the part that is already sandwiched between the molds while the product is being formed and cooled.
    FIG. 11 shows the position of the forming device D1 at the time of the withdrawal of the articles.
    Another ortHH embodiment of the method for feeding an extruded sheet (Fig. 1/0 is that the extruded sheet is first subjected to conditioning with a group of adjustable cooling rolls and fed at a constant speed to the moving conveyor belt using a rotating roller 4. Drive The temperature-controlled drum 6 is rotated at the same speed as the roller 4, but the drum 7 is rotated at variable speed in order to keep the material motionless while the molds 15 and 16 are pressed against each other (not shown) during the molding of the product 2.0. The half-molds 15 and 16 do not block any movement in the feed direction of the material.When the molding cycle is completed and the half-molds 15 and 16 are retracted to the extreme position, the drum 7 causes rotation at a relatively higher speed compared to the drum 6 for supplying new hot material between the molds for the next molding cycle. The feed material is continuously placed for the time of the molding cycle while the drum 7 is stationary due to elongation rhney part of the conveyor belt by means of the movable roller 10, which rises from the bottom up with varying velocity through which provides a surface tension of the upper part of the conveyor belt, so that the upper surface of a continuously moving belt 5 is extended
    five
    Q;
    0
    5 o p -
    five
    with the same speed with which the material enters it.
    Driven pressure rollers 12 are provided to support the weight of the cured material and the finished product.
    Cyclic lengthening and shortening of the length on the upper working surface of the belt 5 is ensured by means of a rolling roller 9.
    In the manufacture of the device of FIG. 13, the length of the conveyor belt 5 on the upper surface is increased to accumulate a constant supply of material between the cyclical operation of the molds 15 and 16. In this case, the roller 11 is driven into rotation at a variable speed in order to move the conveyor belt 5 and the sheet material resting on it, above the drum 7, when the half-molds 15 and 16 are in the fully open position. The required full length of the upper surface of the conveyor belt 5 in this case is achieved due to the fact that the belt is able to sag together with the sheet 19 during the period of time when the drive roller 11 is kept stationary.
    The rest of the device on Fig and 13 work identically.
    The advantage of the options of the device according to FIG. 12 and 13 is that the material being extruded is fully supported (with the exception of a relatively short period of feeding the next part of the melt between the open molds), which can reduce the tendency of the vertically hanging unsupported extruded material to be stretched as a result of vertical deflection, compared to implemented using the device of FIG. 4-7.
    The lack of methods that are carried out using the devices of FIG. 9-13, is that a long contact of the material with the conveyor belt is required and, if it is necessary to avoid adhering the extruded material to the conveyor belt, more cooling of the lower surface layer of the extruded material is necessary. The part of the extruded sheet material that is kept fixed above the output drum / conveyor in the devices of FIG. 12 and 13, under nedein
    due to the presence of the drum 7 on the material, narrow strips may appear in the material being extruded at the locations of the drum 7, which have different molding properties as compared to the rest of the sheet. These strips cannot be used as part of any final product, but they can be clamped in forms outside the finished product area. This can lead to a decrease in the sheet being extruded and an increase in matrix waste, which increases the material consumption during molding.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. Method of thermoplastic feed
    the sheet from the extruder into the device for forming sheet thermoplastics, in which the sheet of thermoplastic material is extruded directly into the set of temperature-controlled cooling rolls, cools the upper and lower surface layers of the extruded sheet as a result of passing through the cooling rolls while maintaining the inside sheet material in the molten state between the surface layers, the partially cooled extruded sheet is fed to the conveyor and trans The extruded sheet is ported to the entrance of the device for forming sheet thermoplastics, characterized in that, in order to increase the process efficiency and reduce energy costs, the extruded sheet is held on the conveyor until the surface layer of the extruded sheet that is in contact with the conveyor is heated by the molten interior of the sheet to be extruded to the temperature required to form the sheet thermoplastics, but below the temperature at which the sheet to be extruded will stick to the conveyor.
    [2]
    2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reheating of the surface layer of the sheet being extruded is controlled by adjusting the length of the conveyor with which the surface layer is in contact.
    0
    five
    0
    25 30 Q 35
    45
    0
    five
    [3]
    3. Method according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, which is ensured by the fact that, in order to control the reheating of the surface layer, the temperature of the surface of the conveyor in contact with the sheet is controlled.
    [4]
    4. Device for feeding a thermoplastic sheet from an extruder to a device for forming sheet thermoplastics, comprising a set of temperature-controlled cooling rolls for receiving an extruded sheet of molten thermoplastic material from an extruder, a belt conveyor for receiving a cooled extruded sheet from cooling rolls and transporting to the input of the forming device thermoplastic sheets, with the cooling rolls and the conveyor belt for receiving 1 cooled extrudable One hundred are installed with the possibility of adjusting their relative position, characterized in that. the conveyor is made with an adjustable belt length in contact
    with an extruded sheet, to control the surface temperature of the extruded sheet so that the extruded sheet enters the device for forming sheet thermoplastics at the temperature required for forming sheet thermoplastics, but below the temperature of adhesion of the sheet to be extruded to the trans- porter.
    [5]
    5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveyor is rotatable to move the output end towards the entrance to the device for forming sheet thermoplastics and in the reverse direction.
    [6]
    6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the conveyor is configured to rotate around a point located in the plane of the sheet being extruded when it is in contact with the conveyor.
    [7]
    7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the position of the pivot point of the conveyor is adjustable.
    [8]
    8. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveyor is adapted to adjust the length of the belt in contact with the sheet to be extruded in order to maintain a section of the continuously extruded sheet and periodically supply the stored section to the device for forming sheet thermoplastics.
    [9]
    9. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveyor is located relative to the entrance to the device for forming sheet thermoplastics with the ability to feed the extruded sheet horizontally into the device for forming sheet thermoplastics, the shape of the device for forming
    The movable thermoplastic sheets are movably mounted to allow the input and output of the conveyor.
    [10]
    10. An apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveyor is positioned relative to the entrance to the apparatus for forming sheet thermoplastics with the possibility of feeding the extrudable sheet vertically into the apparatus for forming sheet thermoplastics.
    FIG. 2
    R 16 flf il-V25 / 5 ffi
    22
    sixteen . 15 15 Rig.Z26 TG.G --20 /
    7I
    FIG. five
    15
    § “I
    6
    "W-
    #
    15
    sixteen
    FIG. 9
    13
    FIG. ten
    / J
    i h
    f
     It
    21
    21
    irr K
    h
    12
    FIG. 13
    PqY5 / 5 15 7/7
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK636388A|1989-01-10|
    EP0307439A4|1989-10-17|
    DK636388D0|1988-11-15|
    HU210318B|1995-03-28|
    AU1323688A|1988-09-15|
    FI95218B|1995-09-29|
    PT87003A|1989-03-30|
    FI885314A|1988-11-16|
    HUT60658A|1992-10-28|
    KR890701329A|1989-12-20|
    DE3885126T2|1994-05-05|
    ES2046295T3|1994-02-01|
    CA1304904C|1992-07-14|
    FI95218C|1996-01-10|
    AU598918B2|1990-07-05|
    JP2553684B2|1996-11-13|
    JPH01503130A|1989-10-26|
    NO885104D0|1988-11-16|
    MY102816A|1992-11-30|
    EP0283284B1|1993-10-27|
    EP0307439A1|1989-03-22|
    DE3885126D1|1993-12-02|
    FI885314A0|1988-11-16|
    NO885104L|1989-01-16|
    ZA881905B|1988-09-09|
    EP0283284A2|1988-09-21|
    WO1988006965A1|1988-09-22|
    EP0283284A3|1989-12-13|
    US4994229A|1991-02-19|
    BR8806042A|1989-10-31|
    NZ223932A|1990-06-26|
    IN171517B|1992-10-31|
    KR960007292B1|1996-05-30|
    DK173014B1|1999-11-08|
    AT96372T|1993-11-15|
    PT87003B|1995-05-31|
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    法律状态:
    2005-05-10| REG| Reference to a code of a succession state|Ref country code: RU Ref legal event code: MM4A Effective date: 20040318 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AUPI088887|1987-03-17|
    PCT/AU1988/000072|WO1988006965A1|1987-03-17|1988-03-17|Forming thermoplastic web materials|
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